The Ramayana is India’s most famous ancient Sanskrit epic, consisting of 24,000 verses in seven books. The 107th chapter of Yuddha Kanda of Ramayana contains a hymn dedicated to the Sun God, Lord Surya. In this 31 verse hymn we learn of the praiseworthy qualities of the Sun and it’s affects on the human mind, body and spirit.
Aditya Hridayam – Meditation of the Sun in the Heart
Aditya Hridayam, or Aditya Hrdaya, is a hymn dedicated to Lord Surya (Sun God) Valmiki Ramayana. Aditya Hridaya consists of 31 verses and is found in the 107th chapter of Yuddha Kanda of Ramayana. It was narrated to Lord Rama by Sage Agastya to energize him in the battle against Ravana.
Aditya means `Sun’ and Hridayam means `heart or the essence’.
English Translation of Aditya Hridayam along with Sanskrit Text
tato yuddha parishrantam samare chintaya sthitam |
ravanam chagrato drishtva yuddhaya samupasthitam || 1
Sri Rama, who standing absorbed in deep thought on the battle-field, exhausted by the fight and facing Ravana who was duly prepared for the war
daiva taishcha samagamya drashtu mabhya gato ranam |
upagamya bravidramam agastyo bhagavan rishihi || 2
The glorious sage Agastya, who had come in the company of gods to witness the encounter (battle) now spoke to Rama as follows:
rama rama mahabaho shrinu guhyam sanatanam |
yena sarvanarin vatsa samare vijayishyasi || 3
`O Rama’, `O Mighty armed elegant Rama’, listen carefully to the eternal secret by which, `O my child’, you shall conquer all your enemies on the battle field and win against your adversaries.
aditya-hridayam punyam sarva shatru-vinashanam |
jayavaham japen-nityam akshayyam paramam shivam || 4
By chanting the Aditya Hridayam which is very auspicious and highly beneficial, you will be victorious in battle. This holy hymn dedicated to the Sun God will result in destroying all enemies and bring you victory and permanent happiness.
sarvamangala- mangalyam sarva papa pranashanam |
chintashoka- prashamanam ayurvardhana- muttamam || 5
This supreme prayer is the best amongst auspicious verses, it will destroy all sins, dispel all doubts, alleviate worry and sorrow, anxiety and anguish, and increase the longevity of life. It is a guarantee of complete prosperity.
rashmi mantam samudyantam devasura-namaskrita m |
pujayasva vivasvantam bhaskaram bhuvaneshvaram || 6
Worship the sun god, the ruler of the worlds and lord of the universe, who is crowned with effulgent rays, who appears at the horizon and brings light, who is revered by the denizens of heaven (devas) and asuras alike.
sarva devatmako hyesha tejasvi rashmi-bhavanah |
esha devasura gananlokan pati gabhastibhih || 7
Indeed, He is the very embodiment of all Gods. He is self-luminous and sustains all with his rays. He nourishes and energizes the inhabitants of all the worlds as well as the host of Gods and demons by his Rays.
esha brahma cha vishnush cha shivah skandah prajapatihi |
mahendro dhanadah kalo yamah somo hyapam patihi || 8
He is Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Skanda, Prajapati, the mighty Indra, Kubera, Kala (eternal time), Yama, Soma (the moon god that nourishes), and Varuna (the lord of sea and ocean).
pitaro vasavah sadhya hyashvinau maruto manuh |
vayurvahnih praja-prana ritukarta prabhakarah || 9
Indeed, he is Pitris (ancestors, manes), the eight Vasus, the Sadhyas, the twin Aswins (physicians of Gods), the Maruts, the Manu, Vayu (the wind God), Agni (the fire God), Prana (the Life breath of all beings), the maker of six seasons and the giver of light.
adityah savita suryah khagah pusha gabhastiman |
suvarnasadrisho bhanur-hiranyareta divakarah || 10
He is the Son of Aditi (the mother of creation), the Sun God who transverse the heavens, he is of brilliant golden color, the possessor of a myriad rays, by illuminating all directions he is the maker of daylight. He is the all pervading, shining principle, the dispeller of darkness, exhibiting beautiful sight with golden hue.
haridashvah sahasrarchih saptasapti-marichim an |
timironmathanah shambhu-stvashta martanda amshuman || 11
He has seven horses yoked to his chariot, shines with brilliant light having infinite rays, is the destroyer of darkness, the giver of happiness and prosperity, mitigator of the sufferings and is the infuser of life. He is the Omnipresent One who pervades all with immeasurable amount of rays.
hiranyagarbhah shishira stapano bhaskaro ravihi |
agni garbho’diteh putrah shankhah shishira nashanaha || 12
He is Hiranyagarbha born of Aditi of a golden womb, He is Sisirastapana the destroyer of the cold, snow and fog, illuminator, Ravi, bearer of the fire and conch, He is the remover of ignorance and giver of fame.
vyomanathastamobhed i rigyajussamaparagah a |
ghanavrishtirapam mitro vindhya-vithiplavan gamaha || 13
He is the Lord of the firmament and ruler of the sky, remover of darkness. the master of the three vedas Rig, Yaju, Sama, he is a friend of the waters (Varuna) and causes abundant rain. He swiftly courses in the direction South of Vindhya-mountains and sports in the Brahma Nadi.
atapi mandali mrityuh pingalah sarvatapanaha |
kavirvishvo mahatejah raktah sarva bhavodbhavaha || 14
He, whose form is circular and is colored in yellow and red hues, is intensely brilliant and energetic. He is a giver of heat, the cause of all work, of life and death. He is the destroyer of all and is the Omniscient one sustaining the universe and all action.
nakshatra grahataranam- adhipo vishva-bhavanah |
tejasamapi tejasvi dvadashatman namo’stu te || 15
He is the lord of the constellations, stars and planets and the origin of every thing in the universe. Salutations to Aditya who appears in twelve forms (in the shape of twelve months of the year) and whose glory is described in his twelve names.
namah purvaya giraye pashchimayadraye namah|
jyotirgananam pataye dinaadhipataye namah || 16
Salutations to the Lord of sunrise and sunset, who rises at the eastern mountains and sets in the western mountains. Salutations to the Lord of the Stellar bodies and to the Lord of daylight.
Jayaya jaya bhadraya haryashvaya namo namah |
namo namah sahasramsho adityaya namo namah || 17
Oh! Lord of thousand rays, son of Aditi, Salutations to you, the bestower of victory, auspiciousness and prosperity, Salutations to the one who has colored horses to carry him.
nama ugraya viraya sarangaya namo namah |
namah padma prabodhaya martandaya namo namah || 18
Salutations to Martandaya the son of Mrukanda Maharisi, the terrible and fierce one, the mighty hero, the one that travels fast. Salutations to the one whose appearance makes the lotus blossom (also the awakener of the lotus in the heart).
brahmeshanachyutesh aya suryayadityavarchas e |
bhasvate sarva bhakshaya raudraya vapushe namaha || 19
Salutations to the Lord of Brahma, Shiva and Vishnu, salutations to Surya the sun god, who (by his power and effulgence) is both the illuminator and devourer of all and is of a form that is fierce like Rudra.
tamoghnaya himaghnaya shatrughnayamitatma ne |
kritaghnaghnaya devaya jyotisham pataye namaha || 20
Salutations to the dispeller of darkness, the destroyer of cold, fog and snow, the exterminator of foes; the one whose extent is immeasurable. Salutations also to the annihilator of the ungrateful and to the Lord of all the stellar bodies, who is the first amongst all the lights of the Universe.
taptacami karabhaya vahnaye vishvakarmane |
namastamo’bhinighna ya ravaye (rucaye) lokasakshine || 21
Salutations to the Lord shining like molten gold, destroying darkness, who is the transcendental fire of supreme knowledge, who destroys the darkness of ignorance, and who is the cosmic witness of all merits and demerits of the denizens who inhabit the universe. Salutations to Vishvakarma the architect of the universe, the cause of all activity and creation in the world.
nashayat yesha vai bhutam tadeva srijati prabhuh|
payatyesha tapatyesha varshatyesha gabhastibhih || 22
Salutations to the Lord who creates heat by his brilliant rays. He alone creates, sustains and destroys all that has come into being. Salutations to Him who by His rays consumes the waters, heats them up and sends them down as rain again.
esha supteshu jagarti bhuteshu parinishthitaha |
esha evagnihotram cha phalam chaivagnihotrinam || 23
Salutations to the Lord who abides in the heart of all beings keeping awake when they are asleep. Verily he is the Agnihotra, the sacrificial fire and the fruit gained by the worshipper of the Agnihotra.
vedashcha kratavashcaiva kratunam phalam eva cha |
yani krityani lokeshu sarva esha ravih prabhuh || 24
The Sun God (Ravi) is the origin and protector of the four Vedas (Rig, Yajur, Sama, and Atharva), the sacrifices mentioned in them and the fruits obtained by performing the sacrifices. He is the Lord of all action in this universe and decides the Universal path.
ena-mapatsu krichchreshu kantareshu bhayeshu cha |
kirtayan purushah kashchinnavasidati raghava || 25
Listen Oh Rama! Oh Raghava, scion of the Raghu dynasty, any person, singing the glories of Surya in great difficulties, during affliction, while lost in the wilderness, and when beset with fear, will not come to grief (or loose heart).
pujayasvaina- mekagro devadevam jagatpatim |
etat trigunitam japtva yuddheshu vijayishyasi || 26
If you worship this lord of the universe, the God of all Gods, with concentrated mind and devotion by reciting this hymn (Aditya-Hridayam) thrice, you will emerge victorious in the battle.
asmin kshane mahabaho ravanam tvam vadhishyasi |
evamuktva tada’gastyo jagama cha yathagatam || 27
O mighty armed one, you shall triumph over Ravana this very moment. After blessing Lord Rama thus, and predicting that He would slay (the demon) Ravana, sage Agastya took leave and returned to his original place.
etachchrutva mahateja nashtashoko’ bhavattada |
dharayamasa suprito raghavah prayatatmavan || 28
Having heard this, that great warrior Raghava, feeling greatly delighted, became free from grief. His clouds of worry thus dispelled, the lustrous Lord Rama obeyed the sayings of sage Agastya with great happiness. With composed mind he retained this hymn in his memory, ready to chant the Aditya Hridayam.
adityam prekshya japtva tu param harshamavaptavan |
trirachamya shuchirbhutva dhanuradaya viryavan || 29
Having performed Achamanam (sipping water thrice) and being purified, Rama gazing at the sun with devotion, recited the hymn Aditya Hridayam thrice, then that great hero Raghava was thrilled and lifted his bow.
ravanam prekshya hrishtatma yuddhaya samupagamat |
sarvayatnena mahata vadhe tasya dhrito’bhavat || 30
Lord Rama thus cheered, seeing Ravana coming to fight, put forth all his effort with a determination to kill him. (Ravana)
atha ravi-ravadan- nirikshya ramam
mudita manah paramam prahrishyamanaha |
nishicharapati- sankshayam viditva
suragana-madhyagato vachastvareti || 31
Then knowing that the destruction of Ravana was near, the Sun-God Aditya, surrounded by all the Gods in heaven, looked at Rama with delighted mind and exclaimed `Hurry up’ – `Be quick’.
(contributed by Mr. K.N. Ramesh)
hvaidya said...
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hvaidya said...
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